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The Pe'a
The pe'a is the term used for the male tatau. Pe'a also translates to the flying fox bat (animal), and the dark charcoal color. A untitled, non-tattooed man is referred to as a tualeale'a. This man must go to his family and village elders to request permission to receive his pe'a. However, he must also find a soa which will be another tualeale'a who will get the pe'a with him. Tattoos must be done together to ward off aitu. Once the tatau process is complete, the man is referred to as a sogaimiti.
The pe'a is very easy to notice as it covers almost half of the body, and most men are extremely proud of their tatau.
(2013, One Samoana)
The Malu
The malu is the term used for the female tatau. It also translates to protection, shelter, and temple. In the past, each family within a village would bestow the title of taupou upon the eldest daughter of the matai. Since there are many matai in one village, only the daughter of the highest ranking matai would be given the malu. However, with changing social views and cultural revolutions, many women have decided to get the malu to show their dedication to the fa'asamoa and connect with their Samoan heritage.
The malu is sometimes hidden and sometimes visible and it very much depends on the wearer. Since Samoa is a Christian society, women are encouraged to cover their shoulders and knees. In my experience, though, it was always said that it was better to show shoulders than knees because of the sacredness of the malu. Some women also get it tattooed onto their hands but not all do.
(2013, One Samoana)
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